Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern where bacteria develop the ability to survive and grow in the presence of antibiotics that were previously effective in killing them. This phenomenon is primarily caused by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, leading to the selection for resistant strains of bacteria. Antibiotic resistance can result in longer and more severe infections, increased healthcare costs, and a higher risk of mortality. Researchers are studying ways to combat antibiotic resistance through the development of new antibiotics, promoting responsible antibiotic use, and implementing infection control measures to prevent the spread of resistant bacteria.